Economizer



GSheets-Sheet l D. s. JAcoBus ECONOMIZER original Filed De.

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pril 25, 1933.

D. S. JACOBUS April 25, 1933.

ECONOMI ZER Original Filed Dec.

4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,EL-m

INVENToR ATTORNEYS IM Q April 25,- 1933. D, s. JcoBUs ECONOMIZER 4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Dec NNY .NNK

lINVENTOR 3% ATToRNr-:Ys

April 25, 1933. D. s. JAcoBus ECONOMIZER Original Filed Dec. 4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR aY/wd' ATTORNEYS April 25, 1933. D. s. JAcoBUs 1,905,470

ECONOMIZER Original Filed Dec. 4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig- 17- gNvENToR WQ.

in ATTORNEYS April 25, 1933. D. s. JAcoBus 1,905,470

ECONOMIZER Original Filed Decz. 4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR BY a y I ATTORNEYS I Patented Apr. 25, 1933 UNE 'TED TES mesas reiterar Aerstelle lDAVIID S. JACOBUS, 0F MONTCLAIR, `II'EVY JERSEY, ASSGNOR TO T1-IE -EBABCOCK WILCOX COMPANY, 02E' BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPOBATIONOF NEW JERSEY 'ECONOMIZER Application-filed:December 4, 1928, Serial No. 323,716. .RenewedJanuary 17, 1931.

Il\Iy invention more particularly relates to an economizer'having return bend tubes.

`My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. '1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view of an economizer embodying my invention with the casing. and supporting structure therefor omitted; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary end view of Fig. 1 taken at the left; Fig. 3 isa sectional side view of a modifiedform of aneconomizer embodying-my invention; Fig. 4 is an end view taken alongthe line 4-4 of Fig-3; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line '5-'5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a sectional side view of an economizerillustrating a further modification of my invention; Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view taken along the line v'7 7 of Fig. 6.,"Fig. 8 is an end View taken along the line 8 8 of Fig. 6, and Fig. 9is a sectional view taken along theline Lilie reference characters indicate like parts vthroughout the drawings.

AReferring first to Figs. 1 and 2, 10 and 11 are end walls of a iiue which, in the embodiment illustrated, extend vertically and in which 4iiue the gases iiow upwardly. An upper header 12 .and alower header 13 are preferablylo'cated at thesame end of the economi'zerandboth extend transversely of 'the economizer.

Thetubes indicated generally at 14V are bent at' their ends, andare dividedinto a plurality of sections indicated generally at1'5, 15215, 15?,l and 15d. -.l`heflower=v tubes 151 of the uppermos'tsection 15v are connected-to theiupper header f12by'bentt-ubes 116 and 17, the `bends being :of different heights as Villustrated at the'left in nFig. .1,-inuorder tov permittheA use of 'a' spanner wrenchinI couplingrtogether-the straight tubesA and the .bentv ends.

Preferably, .the major portion "of .each of lthe tubular elements visfstrfaig-ht andpasses through openings inthe walls .10, kllof 4the ue, theY endsof the-tubes extending. beyond Vthe walls Vas illustratedinFig. 1, land being :provided with flanges as at 14a and ltlwhich are coupled to flanges 14C and 14d formed on the return bends,.the twoportions .forming a .joint as at 18. The details ofthisjoint are 'States'Patent Oce on or about the 11thv morejfully illustrated and described in an application of J ames EQ Trainer vand `IvarL. Langvand, which was iiled in the YUnited day of January 1928, Serial N o. 245,970, and as 'the same constitutes no part of my presentv .inventioml have not shown `or described such details.

'It willk of course be understoodthat -continuous tubes of substantially uniform diameter could be used instead of the jointed tubes illustrated, andin the claims the wordltubes is intended to cover tubes'of either character.

Water enters the inlet header`12 and flows through the bent tubes 16 and'17 to the lowermost row 151 of the upper section 15 from which it'flows through the short bend 14e at lvthe right-hand end as Fviewed in Fig. 1, tothe uppermost row of tubes 152, from which it iiowsthrough long bends 161 and .171, to the lowermost row 151,a ofthe next lower section 15a, and thus continues until it is discharged from the upper irow of tubes 15.2d vof the lowermost section 15d, to the outlet header I13.

By the provision of the various sections, with the water entering the'lowermost row of tubes of a given section and iiowing tothe upper row thereof, the diiiiculty Vof water hammer caused byany steam which maybe 'generated inthe economizercoming in contact with the feed water `:is-eliminated. It will be noted'that any steam'that is formed in atube of a given row can flow upwardly no further than the tube above with which it communicates. Forexample, any steam generated inthe tube 151d can flow upwardly only tothe tube 152dand is` not permitted, therefore, to come into contact with cold water that is being fed into `the economizer, and water hammer cannot be produced.

Inthe embodiment of my invention illus- Ytrated in Figs. 1 and .2, it will be noted that only a single upper and Aa singlelower header,both preferably located .at the same end 'of lthe economizer, are. provided.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and, a pair of upper headers 121 and 122, and apair of'lower headers `131 andv 132 are located at Vopposite generally at 15, the horizontal tubes 151L with which the bent tubes 16a and 16b connect alternating transversely of the `economizer. AFrom the tubes 151g', the water flows upwardly through the short bends, to the uppermost row of tubes 151, from which it Hows downwardly through the long bends 161a and 161, to the lowermost row of the next lower section, and thus continues until it is discharged into the lower headers 131 and 132.

By providing upperV and lower headers at both ends of the economizer, the center to center distances between the tubes entering the headers is twice the center to center distance where all of the tubes enter a single upper and a single lowerheader as shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, causing the water to enter the alternate tubes .of a givenl row at opposite ends, results in a more even cooling of the gases which are Howing over the tubes than would be the case if all of the water entered the tubes at the same end, and this in turn tends to minimize or prevent altogether the lamination or laning of the gases in their flow over the economizer. Considering the row of tubes 151, for example, it will be noted that at the left-hand end of these tubes, comparatively cool water received from the header 121 is Howing through the left-hand ends of alternate tubes of this row, whereas water at a relatively high` temperature is flowing through the other tubes at the lefthand end because of the fact that the water has Howed through the tubes of this row and been contacted by the gases passing therec over. The same is true at the right-hand end of the row, and of all of the lower rows. This feature is particularly important where the tubes are long, and where there would be a considerable difference in temperature in the How of the water in a single tube across the Hue.

In the embodiment of my invention illusltrated in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, the tubes are divided into two groups 22 and 23, the lower- Y most group 23 only having sections forming pockets of the same character as described in connection with Fig. 3. The water Hows p from the upper headers 121 and 122 through bent tubes, to the uppermost row of tubes V of the upper group 22, from which it flows downwardly through U-tubes, to the next lower row, and thence continues downwardly to the lowermost row 141 of the group 22 from which it is discharged through the tubes 161a and 161), to the lowermost row i 1512L of the upper section 15, from which it Hows through the bent tubes to the upper rou7 of said section, and thence to the lowermost row of the next lower section, the water flowing upwardly in the individual sections and downwardly from section to section, the same as in the arrangement described in connection with Fig. 3, until it is discharged into the headers 131 and 132. Where the tubes are long, as illustrated in Fig. 3, they are preferably supported by intermediate transverse members 20 connected at their ends to fixed members 21.

The arrangement shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, is particularly advantageous where the gases are cooled down bythe lower group of tubes 23 of the economiZer to a point that would cause no steam to be formed above this group of tubes,.and hence no steam can How upwardly Athrough the upper group of tubes 22 to come in contact with the cold feed water.A

Hue, continuous tubular members connected at their ends to said headers and bent to extend back and forth across said Hue, the tubes located in the lowest portion of said economizer being divided into sections, the water Howing upwardly in individual sections and f downwardly fromv section to section, whereby a series-.of pockets are formed and anyV steam formed in a given tube'can rise no further than the higher tube with which it directly communicates.

2. In an economizer, a gas flue in which the gases How upwardly, an upper and a lower header extending transversely of said Hue, continuous tubular members connected at ytheir ends to said headers and bent to exe tend back and forth across said Hue,`the tubes located in the lowest portion of said economizer being divided into sections, each comprising two rows of tubes, the water Howing ,upwardly` from the tubes of the lower row of a given section to the upper row thereof and downwardly from the upper row of a given section to the lower row of a next lower section.

3. In an economizer, a gas Hue, an upper and a lower header at .each end of the economizer extending transversely of said Hue, rows of tubes extending back and forth across said Hue, alternate tubes of one of the upper rows being connected at one end to one i of the upper headers and at their other ends to one of the lower headers, and the Vother tubes being connected at one end to the other upper and lower headers, the tubes located in the lowest portion, of said economizer being in a given tube can rise no further than the are formed and any steam formed higher tube with which it directly communicates.

4. In an economizer, a gas flue in which the gases flow upwardly, an upper and a lower header extending transversely of said flue, continuous tubular members, the maj or portions of which extend horizontally, connected at their ends to said headers and bent to extend back and forth across said flue, the tubes located in the lowest portion of said economizer being divided into sections, the water flowing upwardly in individual sections and downwardly from section to section, whereby a series of pockets are formed and any steam formed in a given tube can rise no further than the higher tube with which it directly communicates.

5. In an economizer, a gas flue in which the gases flow upwardly, an upper and a lower header extending transversely of said flue, continuous tubular members connected at their ends to said headers and bent to exe tend back and forth across said flue, the tubes of said economizer being divided into sections, the water flowing upwardly in the individual sections and downwardly from section to section, whereby a series of pockets are formed and any steam formed in a given tube can rise no further than the higher tube with which it directly communicates.

6. In an economizer, a gas flue, an upper and a lower header at each end of the economizer extending transversely of said flue, rows of tubes extending back and forth across said flue, alternate tubes of one. of the upper rows being connected at one end to one of the upper headers and at their other ends to one of the lower headers, and the other tubes being connected at one end to the other upper and lower headers, the tubes of said economizer being divided into sections, the water flowing upwardly in the individual sections and downwardly from section to section, whereby a series of pockets are formed and any steam formed in a given tube can rise no further than the higher tube with which it directly communicates.

7 In an economizer, a gas flue in which the gases flow upwardly, an upper and a. lower header at one end of the economizer, tubes connecting said headers and divided into groups, the tubes of the upper group communicating with the upper header and being bent at their ends and extending back and forth across said iiue, the water flowing downwardly from each row of tubes to the next lower row, through the tubes of the upper group, the tubes of the lower group being divided into sections, the water flowing upwardly in a given section and downwardly from section to section, whereby a series of pockets are formed in the lower group of tubes and any steam formed in a given tube can ascend no further than the higher tube with which it directly communicates, the water flowing from the upper group to the-lower. 8. In an economizer, a; gas flue, a` pair of lupper anda pair of'lower-headers lextending `row of tubes of that section and from thence zto the lower row of tubes of the next lower section, whereby a series of lpockets are formed in the lower group and 'any steam formed in a given tube can ascend nofurther than the higher tube with `which it directly communicates.

9. An economizer comprising, in combination, opposite walls defining aI passage for a stream of heating gases, return bend tubes extending across l'he passage and through said walls, an upper header supplying water to the tubes for passage in separated streams to the lower part of the economizer, a lower header receiving the dicharge from the tubes, and bends outside said walls connecting the tubes into groups constituting economizer sections each having an entirely downflow discharge, the flow of one tube of one section to a succeeding tube of the same sectionv being upward to malte that section a means for limiting the flow of steam to the other parfsof the economizer.

l0. In an economizer, a gas flue for the passage of heating gases, an economizer inlet header adjacent the gas outlet zone of the flue, an economizer outlet header adjacent the gas inlet end of the'iiue, and groups of tubes connecting the headers, some of said tubes extending back and forth in successive rows across the flue to conduct water in a ow which is entirely counter to the gas flow through a plurality of successive groups of the tubes, the remaining tubes being so disposed that they reverse the water flow to form means for limiting the flow of steam through the economizer.

11. In an economizer, a gas flue, an upper and a lower header located at each end of the economizer and extending transversely of the flue, rows of tubes extending back and forth across the flue for conducting streams of water across a stream of heating gases in the flue, connections between similar ends of some tubes of one of the upper rows, and one of the upper headers, connections between the other ends of the same tubes and a lower header, and similar connections between the remaining tubes and the remaining headers, the said remaining tubes being offset from the first mentioned tubes, some of the tubes i near one end of the economizer constituting a section in Which there is a. reversal of Water flow With respect to the Water flow through- 0 out a substantial part of the econoniizer.

12. In an economizer, a gas flue for the passage of heating gases, an eeononiizer Water inlet adjacent the gas outlet zone of the flue, an economizer Water outlet adjacent the 10 gas inlet end of the flue, groups of tubes connecting the Water inlet and outlet7 som-e of said tubes extending back and forth in successive rows across the flue to conduct Water in a flow Which is counter to the gas flow :'15 through a plurality of successive groups of the tubes, and Connections joining some of the remaining tubes so that the Water flow therethrough is parallel with respect to heat- Y ing gas travel, the latter tubes and Connec- 20 tions thereby forming means for limiting the flow of steam through the economizer.

DAVID S. JACOBUS. 

